RISPERDAL CONSTA: Package Insert and Label Information (Page 4 of 8)
6.2 Commonly-Observed Adverse Reactions in Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials – Bipolar Disorder
Table 5 lists the treatment-emergent adverse reactions reported in 2% or more of RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients in the 24-month double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment period of the trial assessing the efficacy and safety of RISPERDAL CONSTA® when administered as monotherapy for maintenance treatment in patients with Bipolar I Disorder.
Percentage of Patients Reporting Event | ||
---|---|---|
System/Organ Class Adverse Reaction | RISPERDAL CONSTA® (N=154) | Placebo(N=149) |
Investigations | ||
Weight increased | 5 | 1 |
Nervous system disorders | ||
Dizziness | 3 | 1 |
Vascular disorders | ||
Hypertension | 3 | 1 |
Table 6 lists the treatment-emergent adverse reactions reported in 4% or more of patients in the 52-week double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment phase of a trial assessing the efficacy and safety of RISPERDAL CONSTA® when administered as adjunctive maintenance treatment in patients with bipolar disorder.
Percentage of Patients Reporting Event | ||
---|---|---|
System/Organ Class Adverse Reaction | RISPERDAL CONSTA® + Treatment as Usual *(N=72) | Placebo + Treatment as Usual *(N=67) |
| ||
General disorders and administration site conditions | ||
Gait abnormal | 4 | 0 |
Infections and infestations | ||
Upper respiratory tract infection | 6 | 3 |
Investigations | ||
Weight increased | 7 | 1 |
Metabolism and nutrition disorders | ||
Decreased appetite | 6 | 1 |
Increased appetite | 4 | 0 |
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | ||
Arthralgia | 4 | 3 |
Nervous system disorders | ||
Tremor | 24 | 16 |
Parkinsonism † | 15 | 6 |
Dyskinesia † | 6 | 3 |
Sedation ‡ | 7 | 1 |
Disturbance in attention | 4 | 0 |
Reproductive system and breast disorders | ||
Amenorrhea | 4 | 1 |
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | ||
Cough | 4 | 1 |
6.3 Other Adverse Reactions Observed During the Clinical Trial Evaluation of Risperidone
The following additional adverse reactions occurred in < 2% of the RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients in the above schizophrenia double-blind, placebo-controlled trial dataset, in < 2% of the RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients in the above double-blind, placebo-controlled period of the monotherapy bipolar disorder trial dataset, or in < 4% of the RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients in the above double-blind, placebo-controlled period of the adjunctive treatment bipolar disorder trial dataset. The following also includes additional adverse reactions reported at any frequency in RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients who participated in the open-label phases of the above bipolar disorder studies and in other studies, including double-blind, active controlled and open-label studies in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders: anemia, neutropenia
Cardiac disorders: tachycardia, atrioventricular block first degree, palpitations, sinus bradycardia, bundle branch block left, bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, bundle branch block right
Ear and labyrinth disorders: ear pain, vertigo
Endocrine disorders: hyperprolactinemia
Eye disorders: conjunctivitis, visual acuity reduced
Gastrointestinal disorders: diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain upper, abdominal pain, stomach discomfort, gastritis
General disorders and administration site conditions: injection site pain, chest discomfort, chest pain, influenza like illness, sluggishness, malaise, induration, injection site induration, injection site swelling, injection site reaction, face edema
Immune system disorders: hypersensitivity
Infections and infestations: nasopharyngitis, influenza, bronchitis, urinary tract infection, rhinitis, respiratory tract infection, ear infection, pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis, sinusitis, viral infection, infection, localized infection, cystitis, gastroenteritis, subcutaneous abscess
Injury and poisoning: fall, procedural pain
Investigations: blood prolactin increased, alanine aminotransferase increased, electrocardiogram abnormal, gamma-glutamyl transferase increased, blood glucose increased, hepatic enzyme increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, electrocardiogram QT prolonged, glucose urine present
Metabolism and nutritional disorders: anorexia, hyperglycemia
Musculoskeletal, connective tissue and bone disorders: posture abnormal, myalgia, back pain, buttock pain, muscular weakness, neck pain, musculoskeletal chest pain
Nervous system disorders: coordination abnormal, dystonia, tardive dyskinesia, drooling, paresthesia, dizziness postural, convulsion, akinesia, hypokinesia, dysarthria
Psychiatric disorders: insomnia, agitation, anxiety, sleep disorder, depression, initial insomnia, libido decreased, nervousness
Renal and urinary disorders: urinary incontinence
Reproductive system and breast disorders: galactorrhea, oligomenorrhea, erectile dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, ejaculation disorder, gynecomastia, breast discomfort, menstruation irregular, menstruation delayed, menstrual disorder, ejaculation delayed
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: nasal congestion, pharyngolaryngeal pain, dyspnea, rhinorrhea
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rash, eczema, pruritus generalized, pruritus
Vascular disorders: hypotension, orthostatic hypotension
Additional Adverse Reactions Reported with Oral RISPERDAL®
The following is a list of additional adverse reactions that have been reported during the clinical trial evaluation of oral RISPERDAL® , regardless of frequency of occurrence:
Blood and Lymphatic Disorders: granulocytopenia
Cardiac Disorders: atrioventricular block
Ear and Labyrinth Disorders: tinnitus
Eye Disorders: ocular hyperemia, eye discharge, eye rolling, eyelid edema, eye swelling, eyelid margin crusting, dry eye, lacrimation increased, photophobia, glaucoma
Gastrointestinal Disorders: abdominal pain upper, dysphagia, fecaloma, abdominal discomfort, fecal incontinence, lip swelling, cheilitis, aptyalism
General Disorders: thirst, feeling abnormal, gait disturbance, pitting edema, edema, chills, discomfort, generalized edema, drug withdrawal syndrome, peripheral coldness
Immune System Disorders: drug hypersensitivity
Infections and Infestations: tonsillitis, eye infection, cellulitis, otitis media, onychomycosis, acarodermatitis, bronchopneumonia, respiratory tract infection, tracheobronchitis, otitis media chronic
Investigations: body temperature increased, heart rate increased, eosinophil count increased, white blood cell count decreased, hemoglobin decreased, blood creatine phosphokinase increased, hematocrit decreased, body temperature decreased, blood pressure decreased, transaminases increased
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders: polydipsia
Musculoskeletal, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders: joint swelling, joint stiffness, rhabdomyolysis, torticollis
Nervous System Disorders: hypertonia, balance disorder, dysarthria, unresponsive to stimuli, depressed level of consciousness, movement disorder, hypokinesia, parkinsonian rest tremor, transient ischemic attack, cerebrovascular accident, masked facies, speech disorder, loss of consciousness, muscle contractions involuntary, akinesia, cerebral ischemia, cerebrovascular disorder, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, diabetic coma, head titubation
Psychiatric Disorders: blunted affect, confusional state, middle insomnia, listlessness, anorgasmia
Renal and Urinary Disorders: enuresis, dysuria, pollakiuria
Reproductive System and Breast Disorders: vaginal discharge, retrograde ejaculation, ejaculation disorder, ejaculation failure, breast enlargement
Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders: epistaxis, wheezing, pneumonia aspiration, dysphonia, productive cough, pulmonary congestion, respiratory tract congestion, rales, respiratory disorder, hyperventilation, nasal edema
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: erythema, skin discoloration, skin lesion, skin disorder, rash erythematous, rash papular, hyperkeratosis, dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, rash generalized, rash maculopapular
Vascular Disorders: flushing
6.4 Discontinuations Due to Adverse Reactions
Schizophrenia
Approximately 11% (22/202) of RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients in the 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled schizophrenia trial discontinued treatment due to an adverse event, compared with 13% (13/98) who received placebo. The adverse reactions associated with discontinuation in two or more RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients were: agitation (3%), depression (2%), anxiety (1%), and akathisia (1%).
Bipolar Disorder
In the 24-month double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment period of the trial assessing the efficacy and safety of RISPERDAL CONSTA® when administered as monotherapy for maintenance treatment in patients with bipolar I disorder, 1 (0.6%) of 154 RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients discontinued due to an adverse reaction (hyperglycemia).
In the 52-week double-blind phase of the placebo-controlled trial in which RISPERDAL CONSTA® was administered as adjunctive therapy to patients with bipolar disorder in addition to continuing with their treatment as usual, approximately 4% (3/72) of RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients discontinued treatment due to an adverse event, compared with 1.5% (1/67) of placebo-treated patients. Adverse reactions associated with discontinuation in RISPERDAL CONSTA® -treated patients were: hypokinesia (one patient) and tardive dyskinesia (one patient).
6.5 Dose Dependency of Adverse Reactions in Clinical Trials
Extrapyramidal Symptoms:
Two methods were used to measure extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in the 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing three doses of RISPERDAL CONSTA® (25 mg, 50 mg, and 75 mg) with placebo in patients with schizophrenia, including: (1) the incidence of spontaneous reports of EPS symptoms; and (2) the change from baseline to endpoint on the total score (sum of the subscale scores for parkinsonism, dystonia, and dyskinesia) of the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS).
As shown in Table 1, the overall incidence of EPS-related adverse reactions (akathisia, dystonia, parkinsonism, and tremor) in patients treated with 25 mg RISPERDAL CONSTA® was comparable to that of patients treated with placebo; the incidence of EPS-related adverse reactions was higher in patients treated with 50 mg RISPERDAL CONSTA®.
The median change from baseline to endpoint in total ESRS score showed no worsening in patients treated with RISPERDAL CONSTA® compared with patients treated with placebo: 0 (placebo group); -1 (25-mg group, significantly less than the placebo group); and 0 (50-mg group).
Dystonia
Class Effect: Symptoms of dystonia, prolonged abnormal contractions of muscle groups, may occur in susceptible individuals during the first few days of treatment. Dystonic symptoms include: spasm of the neck muscles, sometimes progressing to tightness of the throat, swallowing difficulty, difficulty breathing, and/or protrusion of the tongue. While these symptoms can occur at low doses, they occur more frequently and with greater severity with high potency and at higher doses of first generation antipsychotic drugs. An elevated risk of acute dystonia is observed in males and younger age groups.
6.6 Changes in ECG
The electrocardiograms of 202 schizophrenic patients treated with 25 mg or 50 mg RISPERDAL CONSTA® and 98 schizophrenic patients treated with placebo in the 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial were evaluated. Compared with placebo, there were no statistically significant differences in QTc intervals (using Fridericia’s and linear correction factors) during treatment with RISPERDAL CONSTA®.
The electrocardiograms of 227 patients with Bipolar I Disorder were evaluated in the 24-month double-blind, placebo-controlled period. There were no clinically relevant differences in QTc intervals (using Fridericia’s and linear correction factors) during treatment with RISPERDAL CONSTA® compared to placebo.
The electrocardiograms of 85 patients with bipolar disorder were evaluated in the 52-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. There were no statistically significant differences in QTc intervals (using Fridericia’s and linear correction factors) during treatment with RISPERDAL CONSTA® 25 mg, 37.5 mg, or 50 mg when administered as adjunctive treatment in addition to continuing treatment as usual compared to placebo.
6.7 Pain Assessment and Local Injection Site Reactions
The mean intensity of injection pain reported by patients with schizophrenia using a visual analog scale (0 = no pain to 100 = unbearably painful) decreased in all treatment groups from the first to the last injection (placebo: 16.7 to 12.6; 25 mg: 12.0 to 9.0; 50 mg: 18.2 to 11.8). After the sixth injection (Week 10), investigator ratings indicated that 1% of patients treated with 25 mg or 50 mg RISPERDAL CONSTA® experienced redness, swelling, or induration at the injection site.
In a separate study to observe local-site tolerability in which RISPERDAL CONSTA® was administered into the deltoid muscle every 2 weeks over a period of 8 weeks, no patient discontinued treatment due to local injection site pain or reaction. Clinician ratings indicated that only mild redness, swelling, or induration at the injection site was observed in subjects treated with 37.5 mg or 50 mg RISPERDAL CONSTA® at 2 hours after deltoid injection. All ratings returned to baseline at the predose assessment of the next injection 2 weeks later. No moderate or severe reactions were observed in any subject.
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